India's strategic initiatives in renewable energy, green hydrogen, and domestic manufacturing of critical inputs reflect a decisive shift towards supply chain resilience. Examine how these measures strengthen India's energy security and economic self-reliance.

Question

PocketIAS · Accepted Answer

Introduction

India’s push for renewable energy, green hydrogen, and domestic manufacturing of critical inputs marks a strategic shift towards supply chain resilience, aiming to enhance energy security and reduce external vulnerabilities.

Strengthening Energy Security

Reduced Import Dependence: Expansion of solar and wind energy lowers reliance on imported fossil fuels (crude oil, gas).
Diversification of Energy Mix: Green hydrogen adds a clean alternative for hard-to-abate sectors like steel, fertilisers, and transport.
Decentralised Energy Systems: Rooftop solar and distributed renewables enhance energy access and resilience in rural areas.
Strategic Autonomy: Less exposure to geopolitical shocks and price volatility in global energy markets.

Boosting Economic Self-Reliance

Domestic Manufacturing Push: PLI schemes for solar PV modules, batteries, and electrolyzers reduce dependence on imports (notably from China).
Job Creation and Industrial Growth: Renewable and hydrogen sectors generate green jobs and foster new industries.
Value Chain Integration: Encourages backward and forward linkages, strengthening domestic supply chains.
Export Potential: Green hydrogen and renewable technologies position India as a global supplier in emerging markets.

Supply Chain Resilience

Diversification of Inputs: Reduces concentration risks in critical minerals and components.
Innovation and R&D: Investments in technology improve competitiveness and efficiency.
Resilient Infrastructure: Strengthening grid capacity and storage systems ensures stable energy supply.

Challenges

Intermittency and Storage Constraints in renewables.
Critical Mineral Dependence (lithium, cobalt).
High Initial Costs of green hydrogen.
Policy and Regulatory Coordination Issues.

Conclusion

India’s integrated approach enhances energy security and Atmanirbharta, but sustained success requires technological innovation, infrastructure development, and global partnerships to ensure long-term resilience.

✍️ Practice Mode

Write. Evaluate. Improve. Repeat.

The model answer is ready.

Comments (0)