Critically analyze the relationship between military readiness and economic resilience. In what ways can India enhance its strategic autonomy in a volatile global landscape?

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Introduction

Military readiness and economic resilience are mutually reinforcing pillars of national power.
In a volatile global order marked by supply chain disruptions, sanctions, and geopolitical rivalries, strategic autonomy depends on balancing both.

Interlinkages between Military Readiness and Economic Resilience

Sustained defence preparedness requires stable fiscal capacity and industrial depth.
Over-militarisation can strain public finances and crowd out social sector investment.
Indigenous defence production reduces import bills and strengthens domestic industry.
Strong economic growth enhances deterrence credibility by funding modernisation.
Resilient supply chains ensure availability of critical minerals, semiconductors, and energy for defence manufacturing.
Economic shocks can weaken operational preparedness and force capability trade-offs.

Critical Concerns

High defence imports expose vulnerability to sanctions and geopolitical pressures.
Limited R&D expenditure constrains technological edge.
Dependence on external energy and trade routes affects strategic flexibility.

Enhancing India’s Strategic Autonomy

Deepening Aatmanirbhar Bharat in defence manufacturing and dual-use technologies.
Increasing public and private investment in R&D, especially in AI, cyber, and space.
Diversifying trade and energy partnerships to reduce overdependence on specific regions.
Strengthening domestic semiconductor and critical mineral supply chains.
Maintaining macroeconomic stability through prudent fiscal and monetary management.
Expanding defence exports to integrate into global value chains.
Promoting multilateral engagement while preserving policy independence.
Advancing integrated theatre commands for efficient resource utilisation.

Conclusion

Military strength without economic resilience is unsustainable, while economic growth without security is vulnerable.
India’s strategic autonomy in a turbulent world will depend on harmonising defence preparedness with robust economic foundations and technological self-reliance.

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